What is the difference between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Polycystic Ovaries? 

It’s very likely that you have heard these two terms and thought they are the same thing, but in truth they are not. 

Understanding this difference is essential for caring for your health and knowing how it can affect your body, that’s why today we are going to tell you everything you need to know how to correctly differentiate PCOS and polycystic ovaries. 

What is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)? 

PCOS is a hormone disorder that affects many women of reproductive age. 

Beyond “cysts” on the ovaries, this condition mainly has to do with hormonal imbalances that can cause a series of unpleasant and sometimes serious symptoms. 

Main symptoms of PCOS: 

– Irregular periods: Many women with PCOS have irregular menstrual cycles or even stop menstruating. This occurs because ovulation (the release of ovules) does not always occur normally. 

– Excess of male hormones: The body produces more androgens (male hormones), which may cause acne, excessive hair growth on the face or body, and hair loss from the scalp. 

– Metabolic problems: PCOS is also related with insulin resistance, which increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Additionally, it can be more difficult to control weight. 

– Infertility: Due to affecting ovulation, PCOS can make it more difficult to become pregnant. 

PCOS is identified when at least two of these three criteria are fulfilled: irregular periods, high levels of androgens (male hormones), or the presence of cysts in the ovaries. 

It is important to clarify the last one, as it is usually the main cause of confusion between the two terms. Although the presence of cysts is one of the possible indicators, it is not an essential prerequisite for the diagnosis of PCOS. 

What are Polycystic Ovaries? 

Polycystic ovaries are not a hormonal illness by definition, but a visual description observed in an ultrasound. 

In these cases, the ovaries show multiple cysts or small follicles in a formation resembling a “pearl necklace”. However, this appearance does not necessarily imply that there is a problem in the ovaries. 

It is essential to always follow the diagnosis and recommendations of your trusted gynaecologist. 

Characteristics of polycystic ovaries: 

– They do not always cause symptoms: Unlike PCOS, many women with polycystic ovaries do not have noticeable symptoms. They may have regular periods, have no problems with excessive hair growth or acne, and ovulate normally. 

– They are not necessarily a health problem: Many women discover that they have polycystic ovaries by chance, when having an ultrasound or for another reason. They do not always require treatment, as they are not related with hormonal imbalances. 

So what is the big difference? 

The most significant difference between PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) and polycystic ovaries is that PCOS is a hormonal condition that affects the ovaries much more, while polycystic ovaries are simply a structural characteristic that appears in some women and which does not always have serious implications. 

How to know whether I have PCOS or just polycystic ovaries? 

If you have irregular periods, excessive body hair growth, persistent acne, or problems becoming pregnant, you may be worried about having PCOS. 

The diagnosis must always be carried out by your gynaecologist based on your symptoms, blood tests and ultrasounds. 

What to do if you have PCOS or polycystic ovaries? 

If you are diagnosed with PCOS, the treatment generally includes changes in lifestyle (such as improving nutrition and exercising), and in some cases, medications to regulate hormones or help with fertility. 

The objective is to manage the symptoms, avoid complications and improve your general well-being. 

If your diagnosis is polycystic ovaries and there are no other associated health problems, you may not require specific treatment. Your doctor will tell you if they see anything else. 

Conclusion: Don’t be alarmed, get informed 

Having PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) may be challenging, but with adequate diagnosis and medical support, the symptoms can be controlled and quality of life can be improved. 

Conversely, having polycystic ovaries does not always mean that there is a problem, and many women live a completely normal life without any type of treatment. 

What is most important is that you consult your trusted gynaecologist if you have questions or symptoms that concern you, to receive guidance and the correct treatment for controlling these symptoms.